https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qf6VrDZ04EQ&t=207s
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곧 개발 될 것만 같았던 자율 주행의 현 주소를 체크하는 좋은 기사인 것 같습니다.
More companies are trying to bring self-driving cars to the masses than ever before.
Yet truly autonomous vehicle still doesn't exist. And it's not clear if, or when, our driverless future will arrive.
Proponents like Elon Musk have touted an aggressive timeline but missed their goals and others in the industry have also missed projections.
"Well, our goal is to deploy these vehicles 2019 so you'll have the option to not drive"
"It's not happening in 2020, It's happening today"
We wanted to check-in. Where exactly are we with self driving car?
And When can we expect them to be part of our daily lives?
"Current state of driverless cars is very interesting because we've passed what people refer to as peak hype and we've entered what's called the trough of disillusionment. which is, even people within the industry are saying, gee, it turns out there's a lot harder than we thought"
"We're definitely not anywhere near as far along as a lot of people thought we would be 3 years ago. But I think over the last 18 to 24 months, there 's been real injection of reality" there was sense maybe a year 2 or two ago that our algorithms are so good, we are ready to run to launch, we are gonna lunch driverless car any minutes. And then obviously there's been these setbacks of people getting killed or accidents happening and now we're a lot more cautious. Several big players have begun to walk back their prediction on how soon we could see this technology.
Even waymo's Chief External officer admitted that the hyper around its self-driving cars has become unmanageable.
The technology has come a long way, but there's still a lot of work to be done.
There is the perception, which is, using the sensors to figure out what's around the vehicle, in the environment around the vehicle. Prediction, figuring out what those read users are going to be doing next, in the next few seconds.
Turns out the perception and especially prediction are really really hard problem to solve. Companies are tackling self driving today are taking 2 general approaches. Some are building a self-driving car from the ground up. Others are developing the brains that drive car. An early leader was Google, who started its self-driving car project in 2009.
Known as Waymo today, the company is developing hardware and software that can function as the brains in a self-driving car. Aurora is taking a similar approach. Founded in 2017 by early players from Uber, Tesla and google's self-driving initiatives, It's already raised $620 million in funding from Amazon and other big name investors.
Aurora is testing vehicles on the road in Pittsburge, Pennsylvenia and out here in the Bay Area. We don't yet let the public in our cars. Our cars are on the road, we have two of our test operators in there, the technology we're building can operate from compact electric car to a minivan to even big long haul truck. Argo AI and Aptive are examples of other companies taking a similar approach. Lyft is developing its own self-driving systems now too and offering self-driving rides on its app through partnerships in select areas. Self-driving is too big for just one company and one efforts. And if you look at our strategy, that is why we're working with partners on the open platform, Aptiv an waymo and why we're building the tech here. Companies like Tesla, Zoox and GM with its Cruise division, are making their own vehicle.
Aiming for self-driving cars that can operate in all environments. This is the engineering challenge of our generation. We've raised seven and a quarter billion dollars of capital. We have deep integration with both General Motors and Honda, which we think is central when you're building mission critical safety systems and building those in a way that you can deploy them at very large scale. Cruise, which was acquired by GM in 2016, has been testing its fleet of vehicles in San Francisco with safety drivers onboard. To give you a sense for the magnitude the difference between suburban driving and what we're doing everyday on the streets of San Francisco.
Our cars on average see more activity in one minutes of San Francisco driving than they see in on hour of driving in Arizona. Zoox, led by the former chief strategy officer at Intel, is working on creating an all in one self-driving taxi system with plans to launch in 2020. Instead of retrofitting cars with sensors and computers and saying hey here is self driving car. We think there's an opportunity to create a new type of vehicle that from the very beginning was designed to move people around autonomously. Nissan and Tesla both have semi-autonomous systems on the roads today.
Tesla has been available in beta on its vehicle since 2015 and drivers have been known to use the current-system hands-free. Telsa's promising full self-driving software is just around corner. It's going to be tight, but it still does appear
that we'll be at least in limited, in early access release, of a feature complete full self-driving feature this year.
I think Tesla is actually a lot further back than they would like the world to believe they are because they are, in fact, so much more limited in terms of their hardware. Others are making self-driving shuttles that operate along designated routes only or focusing on trucks with long haul highway routes. And then there are companies like Ghost and comma.ai working on after market kits. Enssentially hardware that could be installed in older cars to bring them new self-driving capability one day. For all players in this space, the path ahead is filled with challenges. Chief among them, proving the technology is safe. Driverless systems have to meet a very high safety bar that has to be better than a human before they're deployed at scale. There are no federally established standard or testing protocols for automated driving systems in the U.S, today. but there have been fatal crashes. A women named Elaine Herzberg was killed by an autonomous Uber with a this safety driver who was paying no attention. This woman was crossing the street, walking her bycicle, should easily have been seen by the autonomous vehicle, was not, was run over. Nobody stepped on the break. In 2016, a Tesla fan named Joshua Brown died in a crash while using autopilot hands-free in Florida.
Other autopilot involved accidents are now under investigation. Still, the industry is hopeful that autonomous vehicle will make the roads far safer than they are today.
Really, the kind of zero to one moment for the industry will be when we can remove those safety drivers safely and vehicle can operate without the presence of any human. others, like Elan musk, have said
almost irresponsible not to have these vehicles out there because they are safer and will be safer than human drivers.
Even if we could say that an autonomous vehicle was better than a human drivers, it doesn’t mean that an autonomous vehicle is better than a human plus all of the advanced driver assist systems we have. when looking at when the tech could actually be ready, one of the principle metric touted by companies is the number of miles driven, but not all miles are created equal when testing automated systems. you could take an autonomous vehicle and go,
put it on an oval track or just straight road, you could drive 100 million miles.
But that's not really gonna tell you much about how well the system actually functions because it's not encountering the kind of things that actually challenging in a driving environment. Testing self-driving vehicles out on public roads isn't enough. They need to be exposed to every imaginable scenario, so companies rely on simulation. We can create situation that we're basically never gonna see or very rarely see. So, for example, we might want to simulate
what happens as a bicycle comes through an intersection, runs a red light and crashes into the side of our car. Turns out that doesn't happen very often in the real world, but we wan to know that if that happens our vehicles are going to do something safe. Basically allow the car to practice up in the cloud instead of on the road. When you are testing autonomous vehicles out on public roads, not only are the people riding in that car part of the experiment, but so is everybody else around you. and they didn't consent to being part of an experiment. I remain concerned that humans will be used as test dummies.
Instead of self-certification and de-regulation I want to see strong independent safety regulations from the agencies in front of us today.
The self-certification approach did not work out well for the Boeing 737 Max 8 and now Boeing is paying the price. We should heed that lesson when it comes to finding out the best way to deploy autonomous vehicles.
Lawmakers held hearings this month to figure out how to keep the public safe without holding back self-driving innovation. In september, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration released new federal guidelines for automated driving systems. But they're only voluntary suggestion at this points. State legislation is farther along. As of october, 41 state have either enacted laws or signed executive order regulating autonomous vehicles.
With regulatory questions looming, it's no surprise that self-driving companies are proceeding cautiously at first. what we're going to be seeing in the next several years is more limited deployments in very specific areas where there's confidence that the technology can work. I think we'll see limited deployments of self-driving vehicles in the next five years or so. You'll see these moving goods and you will see them moving people, but you will see them specifically in fleet applications. Aurora says its systems could be integrated into any vehicle, from fleets of taxis to long haul trucks.
The cost of self-driving technology is another deciding factor for how it will be deployed. Most consumer are never going to own a vehicle that's really autonomous because the technology is expensive and there's a whole raft of issues around product liability and making sure that it's properly maintained and sensors are calibrated.
That's one reason ride hailing companies Lyft and Uber are getting in the game. We have 2 autonomous initiatives. One is the open platform where we're connecting Lyft passenger with our partner self-driving vehicles. And so this is aptiv in Las Vegas and waymo in Chandler, Arizona. And then also kind of the product experience of the tech that you see here, which is Level 5. As AV companies inch toward the mainstream public perception, simple understanding of the tech has become another issue that could impact progress. some in particular in the industry have done a disservice to the public in overhyping technology before it's really ready. It is still not very clear what we mean, what we say driveless car. Waymo and general Motors Cruise company very close to having what they referred to as level five cars most of the time.
In other words, again, they can in theory function all by themselves. But so far, it seems that they function like a 15 year old driver hoping to get a driver's license. There is a lot of people who think that you can buy autonomous vehicles today, especially when you can go out and buy a car, buy an option that's called full self-driving and pay for that. You expect that it actually exists. And the fact is, it does not exist today. With an uncertain timeline and a history of missed targets, public confusion is no surprise. Despite big developments, most companies have recognized we are still years away from having truly self-driving cars as part of our daily lives. One big question when is the car ready? You have to have a good sense of all of the scenarios and all of the situations that the vehicle will need to encounter. And that just takes time. We expect level four vehicles to be feasible in small quantities within the next five years. And what that means is you'll probably see hundreds or maybe thousands of vehicles out either delivering packages or moving people through neighborhood or maybe hauling goods on our freeways. And now even the experts hesitate to make promise on when true self driving will get here. You always have to assume that the user is going to find a way to misuse the technology. Assume the worst and then design for that. When it's still very much a work in progress. This is something to do with society. with the community and not at society. And we take that very seriously. We're building mission critical safety systems that are going to have a huge positive impact on people's lives. And the tech adage of move fast and break things most assuredly does not apply to what we're doing here.
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